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Saltoro Flysch Formation
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Saltoro Flysch Fm base reconstruction

Saltoro Flysch Fm

Period: 
Cretaceous

Age Interval: 
?Aptian-Albian


Province: 
NW Himalaya Karakoram-east

Type Locality and Naming

Lower Shyok Valley: Not known. [Original Publication: Gergan, J. T. & Pant, P. C., 1983. Geology and stratigraphy of eastern Karakoram, Ladakh. In: Thakur, V. C. and Sharma, K. K., (eds), Geology of Indus Suture Zone of Ladakh, Wadia Institute of Himalaya Geology, Dehra Dun, India, 99-106; Juyal, K.P. 2018. Lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and palaeogeography of the Eastern Karakoram, India. WIHG Monograph series, No. 3. 1-126.]

Synonyms: Hundiri Fm and Saltoro Flysch Fm are sometimes used interchangeably. The lithounit of Saltoro Flysch Formation (Rai 1983) =Hundiri Formation of Upadhyay, 2001.


Lithology and Thickness

Claystone to sandstone. Comprises phyllite, carbonaceous and siliceous shales and quartzite. > 500 m thick. Juyal (2009) column: Hundiri Fm plus Saltoro Flysch Fm are 50-100m. Basal Sandy-claystone. Followed by Claystone and Sandy-claystone. Upper is Sandstone.


Lithology Pattern: 
Sandy claystone


Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

Next older unit is the Hundiri Fm.

Upper contact

Next younger unit is the Saltoro Molasse Fm.

Regional extent

Lower Shyok Valley: Due to folding and erosion, the Hundiri Fm and Saltoro Flysch Fm are unevenly distributed at various locations.


GeoJSON

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Fossils

Not yielded any fossils.


Age 

Pending recovery of age-diagnostic fossils from the Saltoro Flysch Formation, it is concluded that both the marine Hundiri Fm and Saltoro Flysch Fm were deposited during the ?Aptian-Albian times. It is considered that this formation was deposited in deep-marine conditions in the late Albian time.

Age Span: 

    Beginning stage: 
Albian

    Fraction up in beginning stage: 
0.3

    Beginning date (Ma): 
109.39

    Ending stage: 
Albian

    Fraction up in the ending stage: 
1.0

    Ending date (Ma):  
100.50

Depositional setting

It appears that, after the deposition of the Hundiri Fm in a marine transgression, there were further deep marine conditions appear during which the Saltoro Flysch Formation was deposited.


Depositional pattern:  


Additional Information

Not available.


Compiler:  
:

K.P.Juyal and Birendra P. Singh